Thread Name: Cracked Impeller - Pump
Thread ID: thread_YoiFhqoXJcR6QXTj8yXe0VAz
spiderAi

I'am observing a lot of vibrations in the Induction motor driven pump and having difficulty identifying the exact fault in Pump.

I need your help in consolidating the observations and pointing it to fault precisely.

spiderAi

I can help you consolidate your observations and identify the exact fault in the pump. Please provide the following details:

  1. Frequency Analysis Data:

    • Frequencies observed with respect to the rotating speed.
    • Amplitudes of the observed frequencies.
    • Position of the sensor (part of the machine and direction of measurement).
  2. Phase Analysis Data:

    • Position of sensors (part of the machine and direction of measurement).
    • Phase angles (absolute and relative).

This information will help me analyze the vibration data and identify potential faults accurately.

spiderAi

The pump is a single-stage, horizontal, centrifugal, double-case pump directly coupled with Induction motor, designed for pumping ash slurry with a maximum specific gravity of 1.6. The flow passage parts of the pump are made from a wear-resistant alloy. The pump's rating includes a head of 67 MWC and a discharge capacity of 1800 m³/hr. The pump is equipped with bearings specifically chosen for their load-bearing capabilities: the DE (motor end) bearing is a double row spherical roller bearing, model 22236 CC/W33, designed for radial loads, while the NDE bearing, model 22332 CC/W33, is designed for thrust loads. The pump has an Impeller with 4 Vanes and is driven by a motor with a rating of 825 kW, 6.6 kV, 725 rpm, and is a three-phase, 50 Hz induction motor.

spiderAi

Thank you for providing the detailed information about the pump and its configuration. Let's proceed with the analysis. Please provide the following specific vibration data:

  1. Frequency Analysis Data:

    • Frequencies observed with respect to the rotating speed (in RPM or Hz).
    • Amplitudes of the observed frequencies.
    • Position of the sensor (part of the machine and direction of measurement, e.g., DE Horizontal, NDE Vertical, etc.).
  2. Phase Analysis Data:

    • Position of sensors (part of the machine and direction of measurement).
    • Phase angles (absolute and relative).

This detailed data will help me accurately diagnose the fault in the pump.

spiderAi

Vibration signatures from the pump bearing were recorded in both horizontal and vertical directions. These signatures showed a dominant 2x rpm component and high-frequency harmonic components.

The Pump NDE bearing spectra revealed high-frequency vibrations, accounting for more than 50% of the radial component along with the 4x rpm component being particularly prominent.

Additionally, the Pump DE bearing exhibited significant 2x and higher harmonics in Radial as well as Axial. In fact an excessively high axial vibration was observed at the pump DE bearing, measuring 23 mm/sec peak, with the 2x rpm component being the most dominant, reaching 18 mm/sec peak.

No Data Recored at Motor DE and NDE.

What is the root cause?

spiderAi

Based on the provided vibration data and the detailed description of the pump and motor configuration, let's systematically analyze the observations to identify the root cause of the vibration issues.

Observations Summary

  1. Pump DE Bearing:

    • Significant 2x RPM and higher harmonics in Radial and Axial directions.
    • Excessively high axial vibration at 23 mm/sec peak.
    • Dominant 2x RPM component at 18 mm/sec peak.
  2. Pump NDE Bearing:

    • High-frequency vibrations accounting for more than 50% of the radial component.
    • Prominent 4x RPM component.

Analysis

Frequency Analysis

  1. Pump DE Bearing:

    • 2x RPM Component: This is typically indicative of misalignment or imbalance.
    • Higher Harmonics: These can be associated with mechanical looseness or misalignment.
    • High Axial Vibration: This suggests a potential misalignment or thrust-related issue.
  2. Pump NDE Bearing:

    • High-Frequency Vibrations: These are often associated with bearing defects.
    • 4x RPM Component: This can be related to vane pass frequency in pumps with 4 vanes.

Phase Analysis

  • The provided data does not include phase angles, but the dominant 2x RPM component and high axial vibration at the DE bearing strongly suggest misalignment.

Dominant Directional Response

  • Radial and Axial Directions: Both directions show significant vibrations, particularly at the DE bearing.

Hypothesis Development

Based on the observations and the analysis, the following hypotheses can be formulated:

  1. Misalignment (Angular or Parallel):

    • The presence of a dominant 2x RPM component and high axial vibration at the DE bearing is a strong indicator of misalignment.
    • Misalignment can cause excessive axial forces, leading to high axial vibrations.
  2. Bearing Defects:

    • The high-frequency vibrations and prominent 4x RPM component at the NDE bearing suggest potential bearing defects.
    • The DE bearing's higher harmonics also indicate possible bearing issues, but the primary concern appears to be misalignment.

Fault Table Filtering

  1. Misalignment Angular (Ma):

    • Frequency Group: F_G_2 or F_G_1
    • Dominant Directional Response: Axial (A)
    • Phase Characteristics: 180° phase shift in the axial direction across the coupling.
    • Rules of Thumb: Vibration higher in axial direction compared to radial.
  2. Misalignment Parallel (Mp):

    • Frequency Group: F_G_2 or F_G_1
    • Dominant Directional Response: Radial (H, V)
    • Phase Characteristics: 180° phase shift in the radial direction across the coupling.
    • Rules of Thumb: High radial vibration at 2x RPM.
  3. Bearing Defects:

    • Frequency Group: F_G_9 (for high-frequency vibrations)
    • Dominant Directional Response: Radial (H, V)
    • Phase Characteristics: N/A
    • Rules of Thumb: High-frequency vibrations, especially in the radial direction.

Final Hypothesis

Given the dominant 2x RPM component and high axial vibration at the DE bearing, the primary fault hypothesis is Misalignment (Angular or Parallel). The high-frequency vibrations at the NDE bearing suggest Bearing Defects as a secondary issue.

Recommendations

  1. Check and Correct Misalignment:

    • Perform a detailed alignment check between the pump and motor.
    • Correct any angular or parallel misalignment found.
  2. Inspect Bearings:

    • Inspect the NDE bearing for any signs of defects or wear.
    • Replace the bearing if necessary.
  3. Monitor Vibration Levels:

    • After correcting the alignment and inspecting/replacing the bearings, monitor the vibration levels to ensure they are within acceptable limits.

By addressing the misalignment and inspecting the bearings, the root cause of the excessive vibrations should be mitigated, leading to improved performance and reliability of the pump.

spiderAi

do you see any other issues? Put your findings in a concise table backed by evidence.

spiderAi

Here is a concise table summarizing the findings, backed by evidence from the provided observations:

Observation Frequency Group [F_G] Dominant Directional Response [D_D_R] Potential Fault Evidence
Significant 2x RPM component at DE bearing F_G_2 or F_G_1 Axial (A) Misalignment (Angular or Parallel) Dominant 2x RPM component and high axial vibration at DE bearing
High axial vibration at DE bearing (23 mm/sec peak) F_G_2 or F_G_1 Axial (A) Misalignment (Angular or Parallel) Excessively high axial vibration at DE bearing
High-frequency vibrations at NDE bearing F_G_9 Radial (H, V) Bearing Defects High-frequency vibrations accounting for more than 50% of the radial component
Prominent 4x RPM component at NDE bearing F_G_3 Radial (H, V) Vane Pass Frequency 4x RPM component being particularly prominent

Summary of Findings

  1. Misalignment (Angular or Parallel):

    • Evidence: Dominant 2x RPM component and high axial vibration at the DE bearing suggest misalignment.
    • Frequency Group: F_G_2 or F_G_1
    • Dominant Directional Response: Axial (A)
    • Potential Fault: Misalignment (Angular or Parallel)
  2. Bearing Defects:

    • Evidence: High-frequency vibrations at the NDE bearing suggest potential bearing defects.
    • Frequency Group: F_G_9
    • Dominant Directional Response: Radial (H, V)
    • Potential Fault: Bearing Defects
  3. Vane Pass Frequency:

    • Evidence: Prominent 4x RPM component at the NDE bearing indicates vane pass frequency related to the impeller.
    • Frequency Group: F_G_3
    • Dominant Directional Response: Radial (H, V)
    • Potential Fault: Vane Pass Frequency

Recommendations

  1. Check and Correct Misalignment:

    • Perform a detailed alignment check between the pump and motor.
    • Correct any angular or parallel misalignment found.
  2. Inspect Bearings:

    • Inspect the NDE bearing for any signs of defects or wear.
    • Replace the bearing if necessary.
  3. Monitor Vibration Levels:

    • After correcting the alignment and inspecting/replacing the bearings, monitor the vibration levels to ensure they are within acceptable limits.

By addressing these issues, the root causes of the excessive vibrations should be mitigated, leading to improved performance and reliability of the pump.